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Published Artificial intelligence tool to improve heart failure care
(via sciencedaily.com) The powerful new AI tool can predict heart failure outcomes in specific patients, helping doctors improve care.
Published Some brain cells age faster and are more prevalent in Alzheimer's
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Engineers have discovered that some brain cells age more rapidly than others, and they are disproportionately abundant in individuals afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, researchers observed male-female-specific differences in the aging process of certain brain cells, with the female cortex exhibiting a higher ratio of 'old' oligodendrocytes to 'old' neurons compared to the male cortex. The discoveries were made possible by a new technique called MUSIC (multinucleic acid interaction mapping in single cells), which allows researchers to peek inside individual brain cells and map out interactions between chromatin--which is the tightly coiled form of DNA -- and RNA.
Published Newly identified PET biomarker predicts success of immune checkpoint blockade therapy
(via sciencedaily.com) The protein galectin-1 (Gal-1) has been identified as a new PET imaging biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, allowing physicians to predict the tumor responses before beginning treatment. Information garnered from Gal-1 PET imaging could also be used to facilitate patient stratification and optimize immunotherapy, enabling targeted interventions and improving patient outcomes.
Published Distinct population of 'troublemaker' platelet cells appear with aging, lead to blood clotting, disease
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have discovered a distinct, secondary population of platelets that appears with aging and have hyperreactive behavior and unique molecular properties, which could make them easier to target with medication.
Published Innovative 'mini-brains' could revolutionize Alzheimer's treatment
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source New research could revolutionize the way Alzheimer's and other brain-related diseases are diagnosed and treated -- by building tiny brains in a petri dish.
Published Study reveals patients with brain injuries who died after withdrawal of life support may have recovered
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Analysis of 1,392 patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) found that some patients for whom life support was withdrawn may have survived and recovered some level of independence a few months after injury. Families are often asked to make decision to withdraw life support within 72 hours of a brain injury, and the new study suggests delaying decisions may be beneficial for some patients.
Published Birth by C-section more than doubles odds of measles vaccine failure
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Birth by C-section more than doubles odds of measles vaccine failure. Researchers say it is vital that children born by caesarean section receive two doses of the measles vaccine for robust protection against the disease.
Published Eye care: Taking electroretinography to the next level with a soft multi-electrode system
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Electroretinography (ERG), which involves measuring electric potential in the retina, is a powerful tool for diagnosing and studying ocular diseases. However, multi-electrode systems for ERG are usually built on top of hard, uncomfortable contact lenses. To address this issue, researchers have developed an innovative multi-electrode ERG system built on top of commercial soft contact lenses. Demonstrating excellent performance and biocompatibility, the proposed system will help push the envelope of what is possible with ERG.
Published Prostate cancer study: More health benefits from plant-based diet
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Men with prostate cancer could significantly reduce the chances of the disease worsening by eating more fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil, according to new research.
Published Melanoma in darker skin tones
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Melanoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer that accounts for 75% of all skin-cancer-related deaths, is often detected later in people with darker skin complexions -- and the consequences can be devastating, a new study reveals.
Published Breakthrough in hemostasis and wound healing research
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A breakthrough study features a biomedical engineering innovation with the potential to transform trauma care and surgical practices. A scientific research team has developed platelet-like particles that integrate into the body's clotting pathways to stop hemorrhage.
Published AI systems are already skilled at deceiving and manipulating humans
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Many artificial intelligence (AI) systems have already learned how to deceive humans, even systems that have been trained to be helpful and honest. Researchers describe the risks of deception by AI systems and call for governments to develop strong regulations to address this issue as soon as possible.
Published Metabolism of autism reveals developmental origins
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have shed new light on the changes in metabolism that occur between birth and the presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) later in childhood. The researchers discovered that a small number of biochemical pathways are responsible for the majority of these changes, which could help inform new early detection and prevention strategies for autism.
Published New tool to boost battle against childhood undernutrition
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The tool will help researchers better understand major challenges that afflict undernourished children, such as changes in cognitive development and higher infection rates.
Published Discrimination may accelerate aging
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Discrimination may speed up the biological processes of aging, according to a new study.
Published New treatment could reverse hair loss caused by an autoimmune skin disease
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers developed a potential new treatment for alopecia areata, an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss. The microneedle patch delivers immune-regulating molecules that can teach T cells not to attack hair follicles, helping hair regrow.
Published How night shift work can raise risk of diabetes, obesity
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Just a few days on a night shift schedule throws off protein rhythms related to blood glucose regulation, energy metabolism and inflammation, processes that can influence the development of chronic metabolic conditions. The finding provides new clues as to why night shift workers are more prone to diabetes, obesity and other metabolic disorders. Though more research is needed, the researchers said the study shows that these disrupted rhythms can be seen in as little as three days, which suggests early intervention to prevent diabetes and obesity is possible. Such intervention could also help lower the risk of heart disease and stroke, which is elevated in night shift workers as well.
Published AI advancements make the leap into 3D pathology possible
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers present Tripath: new, deep learning models that can use 3D pathology datasets to make clinical outcome predictions. The research team imaged curated prostate cancer specimens, using two 3D high-resolution imaging techniques. The models were then trained to predict prostate cancer recurrence risk on volumetric human tissue biopsies. By comprehensively capturing 3D morphologies from the entire tissue volume, Tripath performed better than pathologists and outperformed deep learning models that rely on 2D morphology and thin tissue slices.
Published Study shows heightened sensitivity to PTSD in autism
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study shows that a mild stress is enough to trigger post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Researchers demonstrated that the two disorders share a reciprocal relationship, identifying a predisposition to PTSD in ASD, and discovering that core autism traits are worsened when traumatic memories are formed.
Published Brain mechanisms underlying sensory hypersensitivity in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A research team has identified the primary cause of sensory hypersensitivity in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).